Syndrome de Williams
Synonymes : Délétion 7q11.23 · Monosomie 7q11.23 · Syndrome de Williams-Beuren
Définition clinique
Maladie génétique rare neurodéveloppementale multisystémique caractérisée par une apparence faciale distincte, des anomalies cardiaques (le plus souvent une sténose aortique supravalvulaire), des anomalies cognitives et de développement et des anomalies du tissu conjonctif (par exemple, une laxité articulaire). La dysmorphie faciale se caractérise par un front large, un rétrécissement bitemporal, une plénitude périorbitaire, un iris avec des motifs en étoile et/ou en dentelle, un nez court et retroussé avec une pointe bulbeuse, un long philtrum, une bouche large, des lèvres pleines et une légère micrognathie.
🩺 Symptômes & manifestations cliniques
186 phénotypes HPO annotés Orphanet
🔴 Très fréquent (99-80%) — 49
- Wide mouth
- Macroglossia
- Thick lower lip vermilion
- Everted lower lip vermilion
- Narrow face
- Coarse facial features
- Epicanthus
- Pointed chin
- Broad forehead
- Long philtrum
- Micrognathia
- High forehead
- Macrotia
- Protruding ear
- Wide nasal bridge
- Abnormality of the neck
- Blepharophimosis
- Depression
- Anxiety
- Intellectual disability
- Ataxia
- Gait disturbance
- Dysmetria
- Tremor
- Hyperreflexia
- Failure to thrive in infancy
- Abnormality of the voice
- Hoarse voice
- Abnormality of the cardiovascular system
- Abdominal pain
- Abnormality of extrapyramidal motor function
- Gait imbalance
- Abnormality of speech or vocalization
- Phonophobia
- Abnormality of pelvic girdle bone morphology
- Hypercalcemia
- Short nose
- Involuntary movements
- Short stature
- Elfin facies
- High hypermetropia
- Dysgraphia
- Hyperacusis
- Open bite
- Abnormal social behavior
- Abnormal nervous system morphology
- Overfriendliness
- Periorbital edema
- Posteriorly rotated ears
🟠 Fréquent (79-30%) — 53
- Abnormality of the bladder
- Inguinal hernia
- Renal insufficiency
- Proteinuria
- Pelvic kidney
- Microcephaly
- Chronic otitis media
- Sensorineural hearing impairment
- Strabismus
- Visual impairment
- Hypodontia
- Abnormality of dental enamel
- Dental malocclusion
- Microdontia
- Autism
- Compulsive behaviors
- Hypertension
- Sacral dimple
- Abnormal fingernail morphology
- Hypotonia
- Spasticity
- Stroke
- Nystagmus-induced head nodding
- Joint stiffness
- Obesity
- Redundant skin
- Mitral valve prolapse
- Pulmonic stenosis
- Mitral regurgitation
- Pes planus
- Hypoplastic toenails
- Hallux valgus
- Nausea and vomiting
- Constipation
- Hypercalciuria
- Colonic diverticula
- Cerebral ischemia
- Kyphosis
- Arthralgia
- Genu valgum
- Elevated circulating creatine kinase concentration
- Hyperlordosis
- Clinodactyly of the 5th finger
- Supravalvular aortic stenosis
- Peripheral pulmonary artery stenosis
- Abnormal dental morphology
- Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
- Hypoplasia of the zygomatic bone
- Arterial stenosis
- Abnormality of the cerebral vasculature
- Insomnia
- Renovascular hypertension
- Down-sloping shoulders
🟡 Occasionnel / autres (84) ↓
- Recurrent urinary tract infections(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Bladder diverticulum(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Functional abnormality of male internal genitalia(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Cryptorchidism(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Renal duplication(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Vesicoureteral reflux(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Renal hypoplasia(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Nephrocalcinosis(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Polycystic ovaries(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Gingival overgrowth(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Megalocornea(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Glaucoma(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Cataract(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Myopia(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Posterior embryotoxon(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Lacrimation abnormality(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Blue irides(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Carious teeth(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Pectus excavatum(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Nephrolithiasis(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Hypothyroidism(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Precocious puberty(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Osteopenia(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Osteoporosis(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Nevus flammeus(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Cholelithiasis(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Retinal arteriolar tortuosity(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Adducted thumb(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Dysarthria(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Umbilical hernia(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Dysphonia(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Ventricular septal defect(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Atrial septal defect(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Congestive heart failure(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Tetralogy of Fallot(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Cardiomegaly(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Patent ductus arteriosus(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Sudden cardiac death(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Bicuspid aortic valve(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Myocardial infarction(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Abnormal cardiac septum morphology(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Tubulointerstitial abnormality(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Gastroesophageal reflux(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Malabsorption(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Rectal prolapse(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Cerebral cortical atrophy(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Recurrent respiratory infections(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Chiari malformation(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Developmental regression(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Tracheoesophageal fistula(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Overriding aorta(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Scoliosis(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Delayed skeletal maturation(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Radioulnar synostosis(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Patellar dislocation(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Abnormality of the ankles(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Abnormal circulating lipid concentration(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Myopathy(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Spina bifida occulta(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Abnormal form of the vertebral bodies(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Vertebral segmentation defect(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Abnormality of the gastric mucosa(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Abnormality of the endocardium(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Peptic ulcer(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Dilatation of the aortic arch(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Abnormality of the carotid arteries(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Multiple renal cysts(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Type II diabetes mellitus(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Atrophy/Degeneration involving the corticospinal tracts(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Abnormal dermatoglyphics(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Prematurely aged appearance(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Flat cornea(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Corneal opacity(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the iris(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Urethral stenosis(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Hypoplasia of penis(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Abnormality of the diencephalon(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Increased nuchal translucency(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Increased bone mineral density(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Synostosis of joints(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Death in early adulthood(Occasionel (29-5%))
- Joint hypermobility(Occasionel (29-5%))
🔀 Diagnostic différentiel
Maladies rares qui partagent le plus de phénotypes discriminants avec Syndrome de Williams. Calcul automatique sur les annotations HPO/Orphanet — à confronter au tableau clinique réel.
- 59%
Syndrome de Coffin-Lowry
ORPHA:192 · 5/8 phénotypes en commun
- 47%
Syndrome de Fountain
ORPHA:3219 · 5/8 phénotypes en commun
- 50%
Syndrome de Baraitser-Winter cérébrofrontofacial
ORPHA:2995 · 4/8 phénotypes en commun
- 41%
Syndrome de Simpson-Golabi-Behmel
ORPHA:373 · 4/8 phénotypes en commun
- 41%
Syndrome de surdité-déficience intellectuelle type Martin-Probst
ORPHA:85321 · 4/8 phénotypes en commun
- 38%
Alpha-thalassémie-déficience intellectuelle liée à l'X
ORPHA:847 · 4/8 phénotypes en commun
🔬 Examens & investigations
📋 PNDS — recommandations officielles françaises
Le Protocole National de Diagnostic et Soins est le référentiel HAS pour la prise en charge d'une maladie rare en France. Environ 300 maladies en disposent (plus rare que la maladie elle-même → plus de chances qu'il n'existe pas).
🏥 Centres experts
Liste Orphanet officielle des centres experts pour cette maladie spécifique (CRMR / CCMR) — coordonnées et coordinateurs.
📍 Trouver un spécialiste près de chez vous
Entrez votre ville ou code postal pour filtrer l'annuaire MonRhumato et localiser les centres experts les plus proches.
🧬 Gènes associés & variants
RFC27q11.23ClinVar : 245 variantsCandidate gene tested inAssessed
BAZ1B7q11.23ClinVar : 376 variantsRole in the phenotype ofAssessed
TBL27q11.23Role in the phenotype ofAssessed
CLIP27q11.23Role in the phenotype ofAssessed
ELN7q11.23Role in the phenotype ofAssessed
GTF2I7q11.23Role in the phenotype ofAssessed
GTF2IRD17q11.23Role in the phenotype ofAssessed
LIMK17q11.23Role in the phenotype ofAssessed
NCF17q11.23Role in the phenotype ofAssessed
STX1A7q11.23Role in the phenotype ofAssessed
FKBP67q11.23Role in the phenotype ofAssessed
VPS37D7q11.23Role in the phenotype ofAssessed
DNAJC307q11.23Candidate gene tested inNot yet assessed
EIF4H7q11.23Role in the phenotype ofAssessed
BUD237q11.23Role in the phenotype ofAssessed
METTL277q11.23Role in the phenotype ofAssessed
TMEM2707q11.23Role in the phenotype ofAssessed
GTF2IRD27q11.23Role in the phenotype ofAssessed
Codifications validées (8) ↓
- GARD:7891
- ICD-10:Q93.8
- ICD-11:LD44.70
- MONDO:0008678
- MeSH:D018980
- MedDRA:10049644
- OMIM:194050
- UMLS:C0175702